TY - JOUR

T1 - Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide is higher in liver transplant recipients than in controls from the general population

T2 - a cohort study

AU - Arentoft, Nicoline S.

AU - Fialla, Annette D.

AU - Krohn, Paul S.

AU - Patursson, Magda T.

AU - Thudium, Rebekka F.

AU - Suarez-Zdunek, Moises A.

AU - Høgh, Julie

AU - Lauridsen, Emilie H.E.

AU - Hansen, Jesper B.

AU - Jensen, Jens Ulrik S.

AU - Perch, Michael

AU - Møller, Dina L.

AU - Pommergaard, Hans Christian

AU - Aagaard, Niels K.

AU - Davidsen, Jesper R.

AU - Lange, Peter

AU - Çolak, Yunus

AU - Afzal, Shoaib

AU - Nordestgaard, Børge G.

AU - Rasmussen, Allan

AU - Nielsen, Susanne D.

N1 - Publisher Copyright: Copyright © 2024 Arentoft, Fialla, Krohn, Patursson, Thudium, Suarez-Zdunek, Høgh, Lauridsen, Hansen, Jensen, Perch, Møller, Pommergaard, Aagaard, Davidsen, Lange, Çolak, Afzal, Nordestgaard, Rasmussen and Nielsen.

PY - 2024

Y1 - 2024

N2 - Background: Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide with an expiratory flow of 50 mL/s (FENO50) is a biomarker of eosinophilic airway inflammation. Liver transplant recipients have an increased risk of pulmonary infections, but little is known about the burden of chronic pulmonary diseases in this group. We aimed to assess the prevalence of elevated FENO50 in liver transplant recipients and compare it to controls from the general population. Methods: FENO50 was measured in 271 liver transplant recipients from The Danish Comorbidity in Liver Transplant Recipients (DACOLT) study and 1,018 age- and sex-matched controls from The Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS). Elevated FENO50 was defined as ≥25 or ≥50 parts per billion (ppb). The analyses were adjusted for known and suspected confounders. Results: The median age of the liver transplant recipients was 55 years (interquartile range (IQR) 46–64), and 58% were men. The liver transplant recipients had a higher median FENO50 than the controls [16 ppb (IQR 10–26) vs. 13 ppb (IQR 8–18.), p < 0.001]. Furthermore, the liver transplant recipients had a higher prevalence of elevated FENO50 (for FENO50 ≥25 ppb 27% vs. 11%, p < 0.001 and ≥50 ppb 4% vs. 2%, p = 0.02). The results were similar after adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, use of airway medication, and blood eosinophil counts [the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for FENO50 ≥25 ppb was 3.58 (95% CI: 2.50–5.15, p < 0.0001) and the adjusted OR for FENO50 ≥50 ppb was 3.14 (95% CI: 1.37–7.20, p = 0.007)]. Conclusion: The liver transplant recipients had elevated FENO50, implying increased eosinophilic airway inflammation. The clinical impact of this finding needs further investigation.

AB - Background: Fraction of exhaled nitric oxide with an expiratory flow of 50 mL/s (FENO50) is a biomarker of eosinophilic airway inflammation. Liver transplant recipients have an increased risk of pulmonary infections, but little is known about the burden of chronic pulmonary diseases in this group. We aimed to assess the prevalence of elevated FENO50 in liver transplant recipients and compare it to controls from the general population. Methods: FENO50 was measured in 271 liver transplant recipients from The Danish Comorbidity in Liver Transplant Recipients (DACOLT) study and 1,018 age- and sex-matched controls from The Copenhagen General Population Study (CGPS). Elevated FENO50 was defined as ≥25 or ≥50 parts per billion (ppb). The analyses were adjusted for known and suspected confounders. Results: The median age of the liver transplant recipients was 55 years (interquartile range (IQR) 46–64), and 58% were men. The liver transplant recipients had a higher median FENO50 than the controls [16 ppb (IQR 10–26) vs. 13 ppb (IQR 8–18.), p < 0.001]. Furthermore, the liver transplant recipients had a higher prevalence of elevated FENO50 (for FENO50 ≥25 ppb 27% vs. 11%, p < 0.001 and ≥50 ppb 4% vs. 2%, p = 0.02). The results were similar after adjusting for age, sex, smoking status, use of airway medication, and blood eosinophil counts [the adjusted odds ratio (OR) for FENO50 ≥25 ppb was 3.58 (95% CI: 2.50–5.15, p < 0.0001) and the adjusted OR for FENO50 ≥50 ppb was 3.14 (95% CI: 1.37–7.20, p = 0.007)]. Conclusion: The liver transplant recipients had elevated FENO50, implying increased eosinophilic airway inflammation. The clinical impact of this finding needs further investigation.

KW - comorbidity

KW - eosinophilic airway inflammation

KW - fraction of exhaled nitric oxide

KW - liver transplant recipient

KW - pulmonary disease

U2 - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330923

DO - 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1330923

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 38361926

AN - SCOPUS:85185114119

VL - 15

JO - Frontiers in Immunology

JF - Frontiers in Immunology

SN - 1664-3224

M1 - 1330923

ER -