TY - JOUR

T1 - Prevalence of glucose intolerance and associated risk factors in rural and urban populations of different ethnic groups in Kenya

AU - Christensen, Dirk Lund

AU - Friis, H

AU - Mwaniki, D L

AU - Kilonzo, B

AU - Tetens, I

AU - Boit, M K

AU - Omondi, B

AU - Kaduka, L

AU - Borch-Johnsen, K

N1 - Keywords: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Blood Glucose; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diabetes Mellitus; Ethnic Groups; Female; Glucose Intolerance; Humans; Kenya; Life Style; Male; Middle Aged; Questionnaires; Risk Factors; Rural Population; Urban Population; Young Adult

PY - 2009

Y1 - 2009

N2 - OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of glucose intolerance in rural and urban Kenyan populations and in different ethnic groups. Further, to identify associations between lifestyle risk factors and glucose intolerance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study included an opportunity sample of Luo, Kamba, Maasai, and an ethnically mixed group from rural and urban Kenya. Diabetes and IGT were diagnosed using a standard OGTT. BMI, WC, AFA, AMA and abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat thicknesses, physical activity and fitness were measured. Questionnaires were used to determine previous diabetes diagnosis, family history of diabetes, smoking habits, and alcohol consumption. RESULTS: Among 1459 participants, mean age 38.6 years (range 17-68 years), the overall age-standardized prevalence of diabetes and IGT was 4.2% and 12.0%. The Luo had the highest prevalence of glucose intolerance among the rural ethnic groups. High BMI, WC, AFA, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat thickness, low fitness and physical activity, frequent alcohol consumption, and urban residence were associated with glucose intolerance. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of diabetes and IGT among different Kenyan population groups was moderate, and highest in the Luo. The role of lifestyle changes and ethnicity on the effect of diabetes in African populations needs further exploration.

AB - OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of glucose intolerance in rural and urban Kenyan populations and in different ethnic groups. Further, to identify associations between lifestyle risk factors and glucose intolerance. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study included an opportunity sample of Luo, Kamba, Maasai, and an ethnically mixed group from rural and urban Kenya. Diabetes and IGT were diagnosed using a standard OGTT. BMI, WC, AFA, AMA and abdominal subcutaneous and visceral fat thicknesses, physical activity and fitness were measured. Questionnaires were used to determine previous diabetes diagnosis, family history of diabetes, smoking habits, and alcohol consumption. RESULTS: Among 1459 participants, mean age 38.6 years (range 17-68 years), the overall age-standardized prevalence of diabetes and IGT was 4.2% and 12.0%. The Luo had the highest prevalence of glucose intolerance among the rural ethnic groups. High BMI, WC, AFA, abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat thickness, low fitness and physical activity, frequent alcohol consumption, and urban residence were associated with glucose intolerance. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of diabetes and IGT among different Kenyan population groups was moderate, and highest in the Luo. The role of lifestyle changes and ethnicity on the effect of diabetes in African populations needs further exploration.

U2 - 10.1016/j.diabres.2009.03.007

DO - 10.1016/j.diabres.2009.03.007

M3 - Journal article

C2 - 19361878

VL - 84

SP - 303

EP - 310

JO - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

JF - Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice

SN - 0168-8227

IS - 3

ER -